Native fish in the lakes and rivers of India’s Kashmir Valley are under increasing pressure from pollution, habitat loss, dam construction and other human activities, a recent review finds. These same threats are also likely giving exotic fish introduced to these freshwater habitats an edge, researchers say. “Our indigenous fishes are becoming vulnerable, endangered and critically endangered, while the introduced fishes are flourishing,” Durdana Qazi, co-author of the review and a Ph.D. student at the Faculty of Fisheries, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (SKUAST-K), told Mongabay. Kashmir’s lakes, rivers, streams and wetlands are home to native cold-water fishes such as snow trout (Schizothorax spp.), locally known as Kasher gaad, the birdi loach (Botia birdi), locally called Rama gurun, and Kashmir catfish (Glyptothorax kashmirensis). Over the past century, however, several non-native species have been introduced to these freshwater ecosystems. These include the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and  rainbow trout  (Oncorhynchus mykiss), which were introduced to improve fish production because they grow quickly, are commercially valuable and are easier to culture. The review finds that several native fish species are already under threat of extinction. The Kashmir catfish is listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List. Two species of snow trouts are classified as vulnerable, while the golden mahseer (Tor putitora) is endangered. The conservation status of some snow trouts, including S. niger, and the birdi loach, haven’t yet been evaluated, meaning we don’t know the details of their population trends or what threats…This article was originally published on Mongabay