Burundi recorded an estimated 5,338,608 malaria cases and 644 deaths in 2025, according to World Health Organization figures, underscoring the endemic disease’s heavy toll on the East African nation. 

Facing this persistent public health challenge, the WHO and international partners have stepped up support for the Burundi Ministry of Health, including integrating malaria vaccination into routine immunization and reinforcing prevention efforts.

Malaria remains a leading cause of illness and death in Burundi, particularly among children under five, officials say. In March 2025, under the leadership of Burundi’s Ministry of Health and with backing from Gavi, UNICEF, the WHO and other partners, the country formally introduced the RTS,S malaria vaccine into its national immunization schedule.

The launch event in Mpanda District, attended by Burundi’s First Lady, Angeline Ndayishimiye, marked a critical milestone in the government’s multi-pronged response to the disease. Some 544,000 doses of the malaria vaccine arrived in Burundi in January, and regulatory approval by the Burundian medicines authority paved the way for the rollout targeting infants beginning at six months of age.

World Health Organization officials have highlighted the vaccine’s role as part of a broader strategy that includes long-established measures such as distribution of insecticide-treated bed nets, indoor residual spraying and seasonal preventive treatments. Dr. Xavier Crespin, WHO representative in Burundi, said the vaccine’s introduction aligns with global health recommendations and is expected to significantly reduce malaria-related illness and deaths among children.

“Malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Burundi, especially among children,” Crespin said, emphasizing the need for sustained efforts across preventive and treatment fronts.

International support has also focused on strengthening the health system’s capacity to deliver vaccines and other interventions. Partners such as UNICEF and Gavi have assisted with cold chain infrastructure, health worker training, and community engagement to ensure broad access and uptake.

Despite progress, health authorities acknowledge that malaria remains a significant burden. Combined vaccination and preventive measures aim not only to reduce the number of cases but also to alleviate pressure on health facilities and improve child survival.

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